What are hematological cancers?

Hematological cancers derive from blood cells - in this case, white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets - and the organs that produce them, such as the bone marrow, spleen or lymph nodes. These diseases are highly heterogeneous, affecting a total of 45,000 cases in France, or 12% of new cancer cases each year¹, at any age. 
Lymphomas (Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's), myelomas and leukemias (acute and chronic) are the most common blood cancers, all of which are treated at Institut Curie with a care pathway adapted to each pathology.

Other blood disorders are also treated at the Institut:

• Myelodysplastic syndrome is a disease of the bone marrow, leading to the production of abnormal blood cells.
• Myeloproliferative syndrome concerns a group of rare diseases, leading to an overproduction of blood cells.

These cancers fall into several categories, including the group of so-called lymphoid hemopathies. In France, there are:

• 30,000 lymphomas (Hodgkin's, indolent or aggressive non-Hodgkin's)/year²
• 5,400 myeloma/year
• 4,600 chronic lymphocytic leukemias/year³
• 4,700 myelodysplastic syndromes/year
• 3,500 acute myeloid leukemias/year⁴
• 3,762 myeloproliferative disorders, including chronic myeloid leukemia, Vaquez's disease and essential thrombocythemia /year In France⁵

¹Santé Publique France 

²Institut Français de Micro-Immunothérapie 

³Santé Publique France 

⁴Revue Onko.fr 

⁵Santé Publique France